Ohio Castle Doctrine (2026): R.C. 2901.05, 2901.09 and the No-Retreat Rule
Ohio castle doctrine: a rebuttable presumption under R.C. 2901.05(B)(2), residence and vehicle coverage, and a rule barring juries from weighing retreat.
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Ohio castle doctrine: a rebuttable presumption under R.C. 2901.05(B)(2), residence and vehicle coverage, and a rule barring juries from weighing retreat.
North Carolina castle doctrine: two presumptions under G.S. 14-51.2, coverage for home, vehicle and workplace, and civil plus criminal immunity.
Missouri castle doctrine under RSMo 563.031: no presumption, but the broadest scope in the country and an absolute defense to civil liability.
Michigan castle doctrine under MCL 780.951: a presumption covering dwelling, business premises and vehicle, plus an unusual domestic-violence carve-out.
Illinois does have a castle doctrine. 720 ILCS 5/7-2 justifies force in the dwelling under two conditions, with civil immunity written into the statute.
Florida castle doctrine under statute 776.013: the presumption of reasonable fear, dwelling and vehicle scope, and the 776.032 immunity burden shift.
Does California have a castle doctrine? Yes, but Penal Code 198.5 covers the residence only, excludes household members, and gives no civil immunity.
All 50 states protect you inside your own dwelling, but not equally. A verified, statute-by-statute comparison of castle doctrine law in every state, with civil immunity, presumptions, and a downloadable dataset.
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